This giant coral chest could save the Great Barrier Reef

hero media
If one of the world’s most important ecosystems fails, this clever insurance policy may prove to be its saving grace; take a look inside the world’s first living coral biobank.

It’s the most peaceful nursery I’ve ever seen. Never mind that the babies constantly feed, incessantly tussle and never properly go to sleep. But, then again, it’s hard to sleep when you don’t have a brain.

In three raised ‘cribs’ in the Cairns Aquarium, 392 small pieces of coral resembling tiny trees, sticks of scored calamari dipped in beetroot sauce, and clumps of marshmallow-pink hair billowing in the breeze sit neatly side by side. Attached to metal plates, they grow bigger and stronger every day, thanks to their uncanny ability to clone themselves.

Maintaining life inside a coral chest

The corals live a charmed life, gently rocked by a wave machine, cleaned regularly by their fishy friends, and made to feel at home with lights that mimic sunrise, sunset and cloud cover over the Great Barrier Reef. The only bother is when their neighbour gets too close and they offer a backhanded sting to mark their territory.

“Hmm, we might need to move that one," observes our guide Makayla Grady, as her discerning eye notices the thin tentacle of a fluoro-green coral giving its tank-mate a swift whip on the backside (in a Chucky-like twist, this kind of nursery play can result in fatalities). “We love them, but they can get a bit competitive."

a coral fragment in the Forever Reef Project
Fragments of mature corals from the Great Barrier Reef blossom in the Cairns Aquarium.

Though the little corals in front of us are animals, akin to an upside-down jellyfish – or, most commonly, hundreds or thousands of animals called polyps clustered together, who are peas in a pod with their algal best mates called zooxanthellae (what were their parents thinking) – they’re not babies as such.

Rather, they’re fragments of mature corals living on the Great Barrier Reef, surgically removed by a team of divers (don’t worry, the upside of no brain is no pain), then DNA tested and microchipped like the family dog, so it’s clear who they are and where they come from.

The state-of-the-art nursery they’re subsequently placed in is the world’s first living coral biobank – a facility designed to insure one of the world’s natural wonders. Because, as most of us are aware, climate change is posing a significant threat to reefs worldwide, and time is running out.

the most recent coral collection for the Forever Reef Project
The recent coral collection is secured in the quarantine tank.

Need tips, more detail or itinerary ideas tailored to you? Ask AT.

AI Prompt

A giant ‘coral ark’ in the making

The Cairns living coral biobank, established as part of the Great Barrier Reef Legacy’s Forever Reef Project, aims to ultimately protect all 415 species of hard coral on the Great Barrier Reef, later expanding to include soft and international corals. The full collection is planned to lodge in a giant ‘coral ark’ (inspired by Noah) in Port Douglas, with smaller biobanks run by traditional owner groups dotted along Queensland’s coastline.

the Forever Reef Project coral facility
The coral specimens are preserved in a living ‘coral ark’.

In a similar vein to the seed vault tucked into a snowy mountain in the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard – a repository for millions of important seeds from around the world – the biobank will keep our precious corals safe, and they can be replanted on the reef if things go belly up in the big blue.

collected corals being brought up to the vessel
Divers bring coral specimens to the vessel.

Biobank tours at Cairns Aquarium

Though the giant ark is still a few years away, the Cairns Aquarium is letting visitors get acquainted with the biobank by offering 30-minute tours through its on-site holding facility. The aim is to help people understand more about the fascinating, but arguably underrated, creatures that underpin the entire ecosystem of the Great Barrier Reef. In short, without coral, the aquatic empire breaks down, impacting everything from the fish, to the sharks, to the whales, to the adorable pygmy seahorses.

the world's first behind-the-scenes tour of A Living Coral Biobank (the Forever Reef Project)
Visit the world’s first living coral biobank in Cairns.

The ongoing threat to the Great Barrier Reef

Despite their indisputable importance, the flamboyant gardens that landscape the sea received little attention until a mass bleaching event on the Great Barrier Reef in 2016 highlighted their fragile nature.

“Pre-2016, the only real questions I got asked [from guests] were where to find Nemo or how long a turtle lives for," says Great Barrier Reef Legacy operations manager Paul Myers, who has spent 15 years on the reef as a dive instructor. “After the biggest bleaching event on record, the questions became a lot more educated and were more centred around, ‘tell me about the health of the reef, tell me about coral bleaching’."

Paul Myers and Cameron Bee inspecting corals in the facility
Paul Myers and Cameron Bee inspect corals in the facility.

Though bleaching became a hot topic, the nuances of the corals it impacted remained largely elusive, with Dr Charlie Veron, a key collaborator on the Forever Reef Project, still one of the few people worldwide who can identify corals to a species level underwater.

a coral fragment in the Forever Reef Project
The Forever Reef Project is home to precious corals collected from the Great Barrier Reef.

“About two years ago, I did a course on coral ID and there were about 30 people in the room," says Myers. “All of us had been working on the reef for more than 10 years, but none of us knew anything about coral identification. Firstly, it is so tricky, but also, you just don’t get asked."

That’s where the living coral biobank tours play an important role, not just in safeguarding the reef’s corals, but to help educate people on their importance and vulnerability, and, in turn, the importance of tackling climate change. As Cairns Aquarium founder and CEO Daniel Liepnik says, “Addressing climate issues requires changes to human behaviour, and getting people to care is the first step."

Dr. Dean Miller tagging corals and checking health before collecting
Dr. Dean Miller evaluates the health of the corals prior to collection.

Weekly travel news, experiences
insider tips, offers, and more.

Growing hope for the future of the reef

Unfortunately, climate change is a complex, long-term problem to resolve – and in the context of the Great Barrier Reef and more frequent extreme weather events, time is not on our side. This leaves the biobank as one of the few signals of hope that suggest things might work out okay. “It’s not the solution, but it’s adding resilience to the system," says Myers. “Because if we lose the reef, it’s gone forever."

So although the little, brainless corals in the biobank can never sleep peacefully, knowing they’re tucked away safe and sound in their quiet, comfy cribs means that we can.

Collected corals being brought up to the vessel
The freshly collected corals are carefully brought up to the vessel. (Image: Martin Stringer)

Living coral biobank tour fees

On top of the regular admission fee, living coral biobank tours at the Cairns Aquarium are $20 per adult and $14 per child, with all tour fees donated to the Forever Reef Project.

For more travel inspiration, news and tips, read our travel guides on the Great Barrier Reef and Cairns.

Want to see more stories from Australian Traveller in your Google search results?

  1. Click here to set Australian Traveller as a preferred source.
  2. Tick the box next to "Australian Traveller". That's it.
Emily McAuliffe
Emily McAuliffe is a Melbourne-based freelance travel writer. She is on the board of the Australian Society of Travel Writers and her writing and photography has featured in many titles in Australia and abroad. She loves nothing more than touching down in a new destination or approaching a familiar place with fresh eyes.
View profile and articles
hero media

Wine, dine and vintage gems: 8 things you didn’t know about Toowoomba

    Kassia Byrnes Kassia Byrnes
    There’s more to Australia’s Garden City than meets the eye.

    With Victorian-era and traditional Queenslander buildings, an abundance of manicured gardens and the famous Carnival of Flowers painting the streets in vibrant colours each spring, Toowoomba is one of the most charming regional cities in Queensland Country.

    While its beauty alone is reason enough to visit, there are lesser-known sides to Toowoomba that locals love most, from its burgeoning culinary scene to its artistic flair. Located just a 90-minute drive from Brisbane (or a direct flight from Sydney), it’s all too easy to discover on a long weekend away.

    1. There’s an awesome local arts scene

    tour group walking in front of toowoomba street art
    Find incredible works of art around Toowoomba’s streets. (Credit: Nathan McNeil)

    Australia’s second largest inland city is a flourishing arts and culture hub waiting to be discovered. Over 100 vibrant street art murals and graffiti works decorate the city, and they’re best viewed along Bank Lane and Searles Walk.

    Regional Queensland’s oldest public art gallery can also be found in Toowoomba – it’s home to 20th-century Australian works created by Queensland artists and those connected to the Toowoomba region.

    2. It has world-class farm-to-table dining

    rosalie house aerial toowoomba secrets
    Stop into Rosalie House to wine and dine.

    As a regional city, Toowoomba has direct access to incredibly fresh produce that’s shaping its culinary scene. At sunset, head to the verandah at Rosalie House Cellar Door Restaurant for a grazing-style dining experience and to discover Queensland’s underrated wine scene. Indulge in dishes such as Warilba lamb rump and roasted pumpkin with ginger-roasted potatoes and lime yoghurt, paired with their delicious cool-climate wines.

    For a more relaxed affair, sweet tooths should make a beeline for award-winning The Baker’s Duck. Be sure to try their cult favourite strawberry cheesecake danish; you’ll learn why 35,000 of these treats are sold annually.

    3. Small bars are doing big work

    table spread at Uno Más small bar in toowoomba secrets
    Pop into small bars like Uno Más.

    Toowoomba doesn’t disappoint with fantastic pubs, but discerning drinkers can take happy hour to the next level at one of the city’s impressive small bars. Savour Spanish-style bites paired with a thoughtful line-up of wines at the newly opened Uno Más Tapas & Wine Bar. On Thursdays, head to Cork & Lever to tap your feet to live music over creative cocktails made with their all-Australian gin collection. And enjoy elevated toasties and premium drops at the cosy Press’d Coffee & Wine. Or try newly opened The Book Pour.

    4. There’s no shortage of fabulous stays

    Bunnyconnellen
    Chill out in beautiful surrounds at Bunnyconnellen. (Credit: Salt Media)

    Whether you prefer the buzz of the city centre or retreating to the hinterland, there are stylish stays aplenty to settle into in this idyllic corner of the world. Apartment-style living can be found at Quest Toowoomba; partly housed in a heritage church building in the city, it’s a comfortable and convenient base. And at The Arbour Boutique Apartments, spacious rooms are injected with old-world charm.

    In the hinterland, enjoy bucolic bliss at the boutique Bunnyconnellen, where an 1880s farmhouse and self-contained cottage are backdropped by rolling hills. And at the secluded Ravensbourne Escape, one-bedroom studios, two-bedroom chalets and three-bedroom holiday homes overlook Ravensbourne National Park and the Brisbane and Lockyer Valleys.

    5. It’s a nature-lovers paradise

    extinct volcanic peak Table Top Mountain
    Tackle Table Top Mountain. (Credit: Ariana Potamianakis)

    Toowoomba is hugged by national parks, making it a haven for nature lovers. On its doorstep you’ll find the extinct volcanic peak Table Top Mountain, where keen hikers can tackle the challenging two-kilometre return trail which rewards them with 360° views of the Lockyer Valley and surrounds.

    For a more gentle experience, Ravensbourne National Park offers peaceful walking trails within lush rainforest. It’s a top spot for bird watching as there are over 110 bird species that call the area home, including the paradise riflebird. Crows Nest National Park is home to platypus and koalas, and its refreshing natural swimming spots, like Kauyoo Pool, are a great place to beat the heat.

    6. Wellness enthusiasts are well looked after

    Toowoomba’s cool and calm energy lends itself to a wellness-focused getaway. Slated to open in August 2026, soak in the serenity at Vikasati Toowoomba, a bathhouse oasis with outdoor hot and cold magnesium pools, ice baths and Finnish saunas. Rest and recharge at City Cave Toowoomba, which offers float therapy, infrared sauna and massage services, or visit Kalm Springs for LED therapy, cryotherapy and float therapy.

    7. It’s preserved its 19th-century charm

    inside Queensland Museum Cobb + Co
    Learn all about the history of Cobb+Co.

    History buffs can step back in time at Toowoomba’s fascinating cultural and historical museums.

    Explore 50,000 years of Darling Downs and Toowoomba history at the Queensland Museum Cobb+Co; it’s known for its impressive National Carriage Collection of 47 restored horse-drawn vehicles, which were put to use for Queensland’s urban expansion. Visitors can also try their hand at blacksmithing or leadlighting in heritage workshops, refuelling with traditional scones at the onsite cafe.

    Train enthusiasts can celebrate the golden era of rail travel on a heritage steam locomotive thanks to the volunteer-driven, community-led organisation DownsSteam Toowoomba. Vintage train rides range from a two-hour journey between Toowoomba Station and DownsSteam Railway Museum to an overnight adventure from Toowoomba to the Southern Downs and Granite Belt

    8. There are vintage gems waiting to be found

    Whether it’s to pick up a unique piece for your home or a one-of-a-kind accessory for a loved one, you’re guaranteed to find something special in one of Toowoomba’s antique and vintage stores. Range Antiques sells everything from furniture, rugs and lamps to fine porcelain, jewellery and art, while Toowoomba Antiques & Collectables is a treasure trove of Art Deco, farmhouse, retro and mid-century modern pieces.

    Start planning your weekender of a lifetime in Queensland Country region at queenslandcountrytourism.com.au.