This giant coral chest could save the Great Barrier Reef

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If one of the world’s most important ecosystems fails, this clever insurance policy may prove to be its saving grace; take a look inside the world’s first living coral biobank.

It’s the most peaceful nursery I’ve ever seen. Never mind that the babies constantly feed, incessantly tussle and never properly go to sleep. But, then again, it’s hard to sleep when you don’t have a brain.

In three raised ‘cribs’ in the Cairns Aquarium, 392 small pieces of coral resembling tiny trees, sticks of scored calamari dipped in beetroot sauce, and clumps of marshmallow-pink hair billowing in the breeze sit neatly side by side. Attached to metal plates, they grow bigger and stronger every day, thanks to their uncanny ability to clone themselves.

Maintaining life inside a coral chest

The corals live a charmed life, gently rocked by a wave machine, cleaned regularly by their fishy friends, and made to feel at home with lights that mimic sunrise, sunset and cloud cover over the Great Barrier Reef. The only bother is when their neighbour gets too close and they offer a backhanded sting to mark their territory.

“Hmm, we might need to move that one," observes our guide Makayla Grady, as her discerning eye notices the thin tentacle of a fluoro-green coral giving its tank-mate a swift whip on the backside (in a Chucky-like twist, this kind of nursery play can result in fatalities). “We love them, but they can get a bit competitive."

a coral fragment in the Forever Reef Project
Fragments of mature corals from the Great Barrier Reef blossom in the Cairns Aquarium.

Though the little corals in front of us are animals, akin to an upside-down jellyfish – or, most commonly, hundreds or thousands of animals called polyps clustered together, who are peas in a pod with their algal best mates called zooxanthellae (what were their parents thinking) – they’re not babies as such.

Rather, they’re fragments of mature corals living on the Great Barrier Reef, surgically removed by a team of divers (don’t worry, the upside of no brain is no pain), then DNA tested and microchipped like the family dog, so it’s clear who they are and where they come from.

The state-of-the-art nursery they’re subsequently placed in is the world’s first living coral biobank – a facility designed to insure one of the world’s natural wonders. Because, as most of us are aware, climate change is posing a significant threat to reefs worldwide, and time is running out.

the most recent coral collection for the Forever Reef Project
The recent coral collection is secured in the quarantine tank.

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A giant ‘coral ark’ in the making

The Cairns living coral biobank, established as part of the Great Barrier Reef Legacy’s Forever Reef Project, aims to ultimately protect all 415 species of hard coral on the Great Barrier Reef, later expanding to include soft and international corals. The full collection is planned to lodge in a giant ‘coral ark’ (inspired by Noah) in Port Douglas, with smaller biobanks run by traditional owner groups dotted along Queensland’s coastline.

the Forever Reef Project coral facility
The coral specimens are preserved in a living ‘coral ark’.

In a similar vein to the seed vault tucked into a snowy mountain in the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard – a repository for millions of important seeds from around the world – the biobank will keep our precious corals safe, and they can be replanted on the reef if things go belly up in the big blue.

collected corals being brought up to the vessel
Divers bring coral specimens to the vessel.

Biobank tours at Cairns Aquarium

Though the giant ark is still a few years away, the Cairns Aquarium is letting visitors get acquainted with the biobank by offering 30-minute tours through its on-site holding facility. The aim is to help people understand more about the fascinating, but arguably underrated, creatures that underpin the entire ecosystem of the Great Barrier Reef. In short, without coral, the aquatic empire breaks down, impacting everything from the fish, to the sharks, to the whales, to the adorable pygmy seahorses.

the world's first behind-the-scenes tour of A Living Coral Biobank (the Forever Reef Project)
Visit the world’s first living coral biobank in Cairns.

The ongoing threat to the Great Barrier Reef

Despite their indisputable importance, the flamboyant gardens that landscape the sea received little attention until a mass bleaching event on the Great Barrier Reef in 2016 highlighted their fragile nature.

“Pre-2016, the only real questions I got asked [from guests] were where to find Nemo or how long a turtle lives for," says Great Barrier Reef Legacy operations manager Paul Myers, who has spent 15 years on the reef as a dive instructor. “After the biggest bleaching event on record, the questions became a lot more educated and were more centred around, ‘tell me about the health of the reef, tell me about coral bleaching’."

Paul Myers and Cameron Bee inspecting corals in the facility
Paul Myers and Cameron Bee inspect corals in the facility.

Though bleaching became a hot topic, the nuances of the corals it impacted remained largely elusive, with Dr Charlie Veron, a key collaborator on the Forever Reef Project, still one of the few people worldwide who can identify corals to a species level underwater.

a coral fragment in the Forever Reef Project
The Forever Reef Project is home to precious corals collected from the Great Barrier Reef.

“About two years ago, I did a course on coral ID and there were about 30 people in the room," says Myers. “All of us had been working on the reef for more than 10 years, but none of us knew anything about coral identification. Firstly, it is so tricky, but also, you just don’t get asked."

That’s where the living coral biobank tours play an important role, not just in safeguarding the reef’s corals, but to help educate people on their importance and vulnerability, and, in turn, the importance of tackling climate change. As Cairns Aquarium founder and CEO Daniel Liepnik says, “Addressing climate issues requires changes to human behaviour, and getting people to care is the first step."

Dr. Dean Miller tagging corals and checking health before collecting
Dr. Dean Miller evaluates the health of the corals prior to collection.

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Growing hope for the future of the reef

Unfortunately, climate change is a complex, long-term problem to resolve – and in the context of the Great Barrier Reef and more frequent extreme weather events, time is not on our side. This leaves the biobank as one of the few signals of hope that suggest things might work out okay. “It’s not the solution, but it’s adding resilience to the system," says Myers. “Because if we lose the reef, it’s gone forever."

So although the little, brainless corals in the biobank can never sleep peacefully, knowing they’re tucked away safe and sound in their quiet, comfy cribs means that we can.

Collected corals being brought up to the vessel
The freshly collected corals are carefully brought up to the vessel. (Image: Martin Stringer)

Living coral biobank tour fees

On top of the regular admission fee, living coral biobank tours at the Cairns Aquarium are $20 per adult and $14 per child, with all tour fees donated to the Forever Reef Project.

For more travel inspiration, news and tips, read our travel guides on the Great Barrier Reef and Cairns.

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Emily McAuliffe
Emily McAuliffe is a Melbourne-based freelance travel writer. She is on the board of the Australian Society of Travel Writers and her writing and photography has featured in many titles in Australia and abroad. She loves nothing more than touching down in a new destination or approaching a familiar place with fresh eyes.
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Tropical islands, good food & world-class shows: Your eventful guide to a holiday in Townsville

    Lee Mylne Lee Mylne
    Townsville is buzzing as the events capital of North Queensland, with a host of festivals, international sporting and arts events on offer.

    Perched between the Coral Sea, the towering pink monolith of Castle Hill, and fringed by ancient rainforest ranges, Townsville North Queensland is a genuine tropical playground.

    Here, find postcard-worthy landscapes all the way from nearby Magnetic Island to inland swimming holes and waterfalls – all dotted with an array of endemic wildlife. Get the heart racing with adrenaline water sports. Soak in a world-class arts scene. And take advantage of a culinary offering that punches well above its weight.

    And, then there’s the fact that Townsville has fast become the destination to an outstanding line-up of events – from live music to top-level sporting contests.

    Whether you have a weekend or weeks, there’s plenty here to fill your tropical getaway.

    Day 1: An eventful day

    Morning

    The Strand in townsville
    Explore The Strand.

    Daily flights offer easy connectivity from all capital cities to Townsville Airport, and within 10 minutes’ drive, you’re in the city centre. Start your stay by recharging with breakfast or coffee at the city’s newest spot, Botaniq Cafe, on the ground floor of the award-winning Bridgewater restaurant on the banks of Ross Creek.

    Start exploring on a breezy walk along the 2.5-kilometre foreshore of The Strand. Here, a waterfront path stretches all the way to the headland of Jezzine Barracks parklands. Admire more than 35 sculptures and artworks, as well as stunning views from the top of the park. Further along, Queens Gardens, established in 1870, offers a cool retreat and is Townsville’s oldest botanic garden.

    Stroll Gregory Street, off The Strand, for boutiques, homeware stores, cafes and restaurants, or follow a self-guided street art walking trail through the city centre, stopping to admire colourful works by big-name artists including Queenslander Fintan Magee.

    Afternoon

    concert in front of castle hill townsville events
    Time your trip for one of many Townsville events.

    For a casual lunch, stop in at Balabite for Mediterranean and Middle Eastern-inspired street food. Build your own pita with a choice of fillings, before enjoying a relaxing afternoon in preparation for one of Townsville’s big events.

    Whether it’s a concert from a big-name international band – think Foo Fighters or Guns ‘n’ Roses – or a night cheering on the Wallabies in the Rugby World Cup, there’s plenty to entertain you.

    Time your visit for events like the Townsville Folk Festival (June 12-14), Supercars Townsville 500 (July 10-12), Sealink Magnetic Island Race Week (August 27-September 2), North Australian Festival of Arts (September 25 – October 11) or see the Wallabies in the Rugby World Cup (coming in 2027).

    Day 2: Island dreaming

    Morning

    Pilgrim Sailing magnetic island
    Take a lunchtime sailing trip with Pilgrim Sailing.

    Fuel up with breakfast at Cbar on The Strand, looking out to your destination for the day: Magnetic Island (or ‘Maggie’ to the locals). Catch a quick ferry to spend the day exploring walking trails through national park, choosing from 23 beaches and trying a hand at the island’s water sports.

    The Forts Walk is the best place to see wild koalas in Australia, and you’re likely to find friendly wallabies at the Nelly or Geoffrey Bay headlands. Try guided snorkelling with Aquascene Magnetic Island or Pleasure Divers, or take a land-based tour with MI Ride Discovery Tours to the secluded west coast of the island.

    Pilgrim Magnetic Island offers four-hour lunchtime sailing trips aboard a 58-foot luxury yacht, dropping in to some of Magnetic Island’s remote bays for snorkelling or swimming and including gourmet grazing platters, drinks and ocean views.

    Afternoon

    picnic bay on magnetic island
    Head to Picnic Bay for delicious dining.

    Refuel after a morning of adventure. Seasalt Arcade at Picnic Bay has several good options. Savour craft brews and Latin tapas at Maggie Island Brewery, opt for bagels and light bites at Lava Lava cafe or fine dining at Restaurant Elsie.

    Now, it’s time to choose your own adventure. Stay the whole day on Maggie, or return to Townsville, where there’s plenty more to discover.

    Head to The Docks at Flinders Street Wharves for lunch. Spend the afternoon relaxing by the beach or join Poseidon Adventures for water sport adventures.

    Evening

    Ardo's Rooftop townsville
    End your day watching the sunset from Ardo’s Rooftop.

    However your day looked, end it with cocktails and canapes at Townsville’s Ardo Rooftop. Find something more substantial at the hotel’s elegant but casual Chef-hatted Japanese restaurant Terasu, where each dish is a work of art.

    Day 3: Natural delights

    Morning

    couple holiding hands at the top of castle hill in townsville
    Join the locals for an early walk to the peak of Castle Hill. (Credit: My Colourful World)

    Join the local early morning pilgrimage to hike up Castle Hill for the best 360-degree views in town, before heading to breakfast at Spirited Goat for gourmet treats and locally brewed coffee.

    A trip to Townsville wouldn’t be complete without a visit to the outer Great Barrier Reef. For those with time, Adrenalin Snorkel and Dive runs full-day trips to the Museum of Underwater Art for snorkellers and divers to admire the reef’s stunning collection of submerged sculptures on John Brewer Reef, about two hours by boat from Townsville.

    Afternoon

    Shorehouse restaurant townsville
    Stop into the award-winning Shorehouse.

    Round off your Townsville getaway with lunch at Shorehouse, awarded Best Restaurant in the North Queensland People’s Choice Awards every year since 2023. Dine on the deck to catch the breeze and sample modern Asian cuisine as you watch the world go.

    Keen for something more to extend your stay? There are always more adventures –new, familiar and with a twist – in the events capital of the North.

    Plan your eventful visit to Townsville North Queensland at townsvillenorthqueensland.com.au.